• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a measuring device for reflecting spectroscopic concentration determination of constituents in body tissue. In order to increase, inter alia, the functional reliability in the event of vibrations, the measuring device according to the invention comprises a diode laser (1) with at least one laser diode (1a, 1b) and a waveguide structure (2), which has an external resonator (2a) for each laser diode (1a, 1b). , 2b) with a wavelength selective element. In this case, the radiation generated by a laser diode (1a, 1b) can be conducted into the waveguide structure (2) and the corresponding resonator (2a, 2b) and again conducted out of the resonator (2a, 2b) and the waveguide structure (2). In addition, the present invention relates to a corresponding method and a motor vehicle equipped therewith. (Figure 1)
    公开号:SE1150797A1
    申请号:SE1150797
    申请日:2011-09-05
    公开日:2012-03-16
    发明作者:Hartmut Spennemann；Ulrich Kallmann
    申请人:Bosch Gmbh Robert；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The use of diode lasers instead of thermal light sources advantageously enables direct modulation of the radiation intensity and thus a simple possibility of a Lock-in-Detection for improving the signal-to-noise ratio and a higher spectral power density. As a result, in the case of an unchanged signal-to-noise ratio, the measurement time can be shortened or in the case of an unchanged measurement-time, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved. In addition, by controlling the radiation into the waveguide structure, the necessary installation space can advantageously be significantly reduced relative to known free-radiating solutions. In addition, due to the waveguide structure, the measuring device becomes significantly more robust against shaking. In addition, by using the diode laser and the waveguide structure, the measuring device according to the invention can be designed smaller and more compact than known free-beam solutions and can be better encapsulated or arranged in housings.
    Due to the chosen construction method, the measuring device can also be more robust against thermal drift, partly because a laser diode generates less waste heat than thermal light sources and partly due to the fact that an active temperature stabilization of the entire measuring device, for example when using a Peltier cooler, is possible to due to the compactness and encapsulation. Overall, the device according to the invention can be smaller, more robust and faster than previous devices for measuring the alcohol concentration in the tissue and is thus, for example, suitable for use in a car.
    Within the framework of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the measuring device further comprises a first and a second light guide, a measuring optics and a first photodiode. Thus, the radiation can be conducted out from the waveguide structure to the first light guide, whereby the radiation through the first light guide and the measuring optics can be transmitted to the body tissue to be examined. In this case, the radiation reflected by the body tissue through the measuring optics and the second light guide can be transmitted to the first photodiode and measured by the first photodiode. This means the advantage that the measuring point on the body tissue as a result of the light guide is independent of the respective variable with regard to the place for the radiation generation and the radiation measurement.
    Within the framework of a further embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the diode laser and the wave structure are designed and arranged in such a way that the radiation generated by the diode laser can be directly initiated in the waveguide structure, i.e. without interconnected additional components. Due to the introduction of the diode laser directly to the waveguide structure, the necessary construction space can advantageously be further reduced, in view of relatively known free-radiating solutions. Within the framework of a further embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the wavelength-selective element is designed for setting the radiation wavelength, preferably over the entire amplification bandwidth. In this way, the measuring accuracy can be improved and the number of constituents determinable by the measuring device can be increased.
    Within the framework of a further embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the wavelength-selective element comprises or is a micro- or nanostructured building element, in particular a so-called MEMS (English: "Micro Electro Mechanical System") and / or MO-EMS (English: "Micro Opto Mechanical System"). According to the present invention, a "micro- or nanostructured building element" can in particular be a building element with internal structural dimensions in the range 1 z nm to s 200 μm. dimensions of structures within the building element, for example struts, steps or conductor paths.
    Through the use of micro- or nanostructured building elements for wavelength selection, the necessary building space can advantageously be further reduced, in particular relatively known free-radiating solutions. In addition, the use of the measuring device through the use of wavelength-selective elements based on micro- or nanostructured building elements becomes considerably more robust against vibrations and can be designed smaller than known free-beam solutions.
    The wavelength selective element can be positioned both in the resonator and at the resonator ends. Within the scope of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the wavelength-selective element comprises a refraction grating or a Fabry-Pérot interferometer or an etalon, in particular one in which the wavelength selection or the path of the optical radiation is adjustable by at least one capacitive, inductive and / or piezoelectrically controlled micro- or nanostructured building element. For example, the wavelength-selective element may comprise a refraction grating, the orientation of which may be set by at least one capacitive, inductive and / or piezoelectrically controlled micro- or nanostructured building element. Or the wavelength selective element may comprise a Fabry-Pérot interferometer, in which the distance of the reflective surfaces can be set by at least one capacitive, inductive and / or piezoelectrically controlled micro- or nanostructured building element. Or the wavelength-selective element may comprise an etalon, at which the optical path between the reflective surfaces and their alignment can be set by at least one capacitive, inductive and / or piezoelectrically controlled micro- or nanostructured building element. A refraction grating as the wavelength selective element can in particular be positioned at the resonator end, in particular in the Littmann configuration. A Fabry-Pérot interferometer or an etalon as the wavelength-selective element may be positioned in the resonator. Preferably, the external resonator has a Littmann or Littrow configuration. Through a Littrow configuration, a laser diode can advantageously be set above 150 nm.
    In particular, the laser diodes may have a mirrored end facet and be positioned in front of the waveguide structure so that the generated radiation can be conducted directly into the waveguide structure.
    In particular, the laser diodes can generate laser radiation in a range between 2,800 nm and 2500 nm. This wavelength range is particularly suitable for determining the concentration of alcohol in body tissue.
    The laser diodes may be, for example, gallium antimony-based laser diodes, for example an (A | Galn)! (AsSb) -based laser diode, for example GalnAsSb / AlGaAsSb laser diodes. Within the framework of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the diode laser comprises at least two, in particular three, different laser diodes. In this way, simultaneous or time-shifted laser radiation of different wavelengths can advantageously be generated. Depending on the desired spectral bandwidth and the necessary spectral power density, the radiation from two or more different laser diodes can be combined through the waveguide structure. For example, by combining the radiation from the laser diodes, a total wavelength range of from at least 2100 nm to 2400 nm can be covered. In particular, the radiation can then be adjusted in the wavelength in the spectral range from at least 2100 nm to s 2400 nm. Within the framework of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the gain bandwidths of the individual laser diodes are selected so that by a combination of all the laser diodes a wavelength range of from 2100 nm to 2400 nm can be covered. This wavelength range is particularly advantageous for determining the alcohol concentration in body tissue.
    Preferably, the waveguide structure is a silicon-based structure. Such structures are advantageously relatively inconspicuous in terms of vibrations and temperature fluctuations. Within the framework of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the waveguide structure is designed so that the radiation of the respective laser diodes can first be initiated separated from each other in the resonator belonging to the respective laser diode and the radiation emanating from the resonators, in particular from all laser diodes, can be collected in a bunch. Within the framework of an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, the waveguide strip is designed so that the radiation is separable after the resonator and, where applicable, after the collection of the radiation or the radiation paths from the individual laser diodes, whereby part of the radiation can be emitted. in the first light guide and a second part of the radiation can be transmitted to a second photodiode and measured by the second photodiode. By comparing the measured reflected radiation but such reference radiation, the measurement accuracy can advantageously be increased relative to measuring devices which exclusively use saved emission data about the laser diodes.
    Preferably, the first and / or second photodiode is a cooled photodiode, in particular Peltier element-cooled photodiode. in particular, the first and / or second photodiode may be an lnGaAs photodiode.
    The first and second light guides may comprise or consist of, for example, glass fibers and / or polymeric optical fibers.
    A further object of the present invention is a method for reflecting spectroscopic concentration determination of constituents in body tissue, in particular for determining the alcohol concentration in body tissue, in particular with a device according to the invention. The method comprises the method steps: - generating radiation through at least one laser diode, the radiation wavelength being set stepwise or continuously, for example through a resonator, in particular in a range of 2100 nm to s 2400 nm; irradiation of the radiation in the body tissue to be examined; - measuring the intensity of the radiation reflected from the body tissue depending on the radiation wavelength; and - determining the concentration of at least one component of the body tissue from the data obtained.
    The radiation can then be generated by two or more different laser diodes simultaneously or one after the other. Accordingly, several radiation wavelengths can be set simultaneously or sequentially continuously or stepwise.
    With regard to further features and advantages, reference is hereby made explicitly to the explanations in connection with the measuring device according to the invention. A further object of the present invention is a motor vehicle which comprises a measuring device according to the invention or a measuring device which carries out the method according to the invention.
    Figures and examples Further advantages and advantageous designs of the objects of the invention are illustrated throughout the figure and are explained in the following description. It should be borne in mind that the figure has only a descriptive character and is not intended to restrict the invention in any way.
    Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-section through an embodiment of a measuring device according to the invention.
    Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a measuring device according to the invention for reflection spectroscopic concentration determination of constituents in body tissue. Figure 1 shows that the measuring device comprises a diode laser 1 with two different laser diodes 1a, 1b and a waveguide structure 2. Figure 1 illustrates that the waveguide structure 2 for each laser diode 1a, 1b has an external resonator 2a, 2b with a wavelength selective element (not shown). Furthermore, figure 1 shows that the measuring device comprises a first 3 and second 6 light guides, a measuring optics 4 and a first photodiode 7a. In this case, the diode laser 1, the waveguide structure 2 and the photodiodes can be integrated in a housing, which is connected to the measuring optics 4 via the first 3 and the second light guide 6.
    Figure 1 illustrates that the radiation generated in the laser diodes 1a, 1b can be conducted into the waveguide structure 2 and the resonator 2a, 2b belonging to the respective laser diode 1a, 1b and again led out from the resonator 2a, 2b and the waveguide structure 2. In particular, figure 1 that the radiation generated by the two laser diodes 1a, 1b is conducted directly and separately from each other into the waveguide structure 2. In the waveguide structure 2 the radiation is further separated from each other to the respective laser diode 1a, 1b resonator 2a, 2b and further separated from each other from resonator 2a, 2b. Figure 1 shows that the waveguide structure 2 is also designed so that the radiation or radiation paths of the two laser diodes 1a, 1b collect after the line out of the individual resonators 2a, 2b.
    Figure 1 illustrates that the waveguide structure 2 is also designed so that the radiation after the resonators 2a, 2b and after the collection of the radiation or radiation paths is separated again in such a way that the main part of the radiation can be conducted into a first light guide 3, via which the radiation The radiation can be transmitted to the body tissue to be examined and the closure to the first photodiode, whereby a second part of the radiation can be transmitted to a second photodiode 7b.
    Figure 1 shows that the first light emitting diode 3 is then guided into the measuring optics 4, via which the radiation is irradiated to the body tissue to be examined and to the measuring point in the tissue 5, and the radiation reflected from the tissue is led into the second light guide 6.
    This can be done, for example, via a lens system 4a, 4b and / or other optical elements. Via the second light guide 6, this radiation can then be transmitted to the first photodiode 7a. In this way, the first photodiode 7a measures the reflected radiation, the second photodiode 7b measuring the original radiation not reflected in the body tissue, which can be used for calibration of the measurement result of the first photodiode 7a. During a measurement, by using the various laser diodes 1a, 1b and their external resonators, in particular the wavelength selective elements of the resonators, the wavelengths can be set stepwise or continuously in the spectral range, for example from 2100 nm to 24 nm, and the reflected in the tissue the intensity is detected depending on the wavelength. This is how the tissue's reflection spectrum is determined, from which the alcohol concentration or other constituents in the tissue can then be calculated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    A measuring device for reflecting spectroscopic concentration determination of constituents in body tissue, in particular for determining the alcohol concentration in body tissue, comprising - a diode laser (1) with at least one laser diode (1a, 1b) and - a waveguide structure (2), which for each laser diode (1a, 1b) has an external resonator (2a, 2b) with a wavelength selective element, the waveguide structure (2) being designed and arranged so that from the diode laser (1), respectively Radiation generated by laser diodes (1a, 1b) can be conducted into the resonator (2a, 2b) belonging to the respective laser diode (1a, 1b) and, after passage through the resonator (2a, 2b), is conducted out again. Measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring device further comprises - a first and a second light guide (3, 6), - a measuring optics (4) and - a first photodiode (7a), wherein the radiation can be conducted from the waveguide structure (2) to the the first light guide (3), whereby the radiation can be transmitted through the first light guide (3) and the measuring optics (4) to the body tissue (5) to be examined, the radiation reflected by the body tissue (5) through the measuring optics (4) and the second light guide ( 6) can be transmitted to the first photodiode (7a) and measured by the first photodiode (7a). Measuring device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diode laser (1) and the waveguide structure (2) are designed and arranged in such a way that the radiation generated by the diode laser (1) can be initiated directly in the waveguide structure (2). Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wavelength-selective element is designed for setting the radiation wavelength. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wavelength-selective element comprises a micro- or nanostructured building element, in particular a MEMS and / or MOEMS. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wavelength-selective element comprises a refraction grating or a Fabry-Pérot interferometer or an etalon, in particular in which the wavelength selection is adjustable by at least a capacitive, inductive and / or piezoelectrically controlled micro- or nanostructured building element. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the diode laser (2) comprises at least two different laser diodes (1a, 1b). Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the gain bandwidths of the individual laser diodes (1a, 1b) are selected so that a combination of all laser diodes (1a, 1b) covers a wavelength range of from 2100 nm to s 2400. Hm. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the waveguide structure (2) is designed so that the radiation of the laser diodes (1a, 1b) can first be initiated separated from one another in the resonator (2a, 2b) belonging to the respective laser diode and the radiation out from the resonators (2a, 2b) can be collected. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the waveguide structure (2) is designed so that the radiation can be separated after the resonator (2a, 2b) and, where applicable, after the collection of the radiation of the individual laser diodes (1a, 1b), a part of the radiation can be conducted to the first light guide (3) and another part of the radiation can be transmitted to a second photodiode (7b) and measured by the second photodiode (7b). Method for reflection spectroscopic concentration determination of constituents in body tissue, in particular for determination of the alcohol concentration in body tissue, in particular with a measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the method steps: - generating radiation through at least one laser diode (1a, 1a, 1a, 1a wherein the radiation wavelength is set stepwise or continuously, for example by a resonator (2, 2b), in particular in a range of 2100 nm to s 2400 nm; - irradiation of the radiation in the body tissue (5) to be examined; - measuring the intensity of the radiation reflected from the body tissue (5) depending on the radiation wavelength; and - determining the concentration of at least one component of the body tissue (5) from the data obtained. Motor vehicle comprising a measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a measuring device which performs a method according to claim 11.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2013-02-05| NAV| Patent application has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102010040783A|DE102010040783A1|2010-09-15|2010-09-15|Measuring device for determination of tissue alcohol concentration|
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